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Ruby
Ruby is the most valuable variety of the corundum mineral species, which also includes sapphire.
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Research
Geographic Origin Determination of Ruby
The world ruby market has undergone dramatic change in recent years, especially with the development of ruby mining in Mozambique. This contribution outlines GIA’s methods and criteria for establishing the geographic origin of ruby.
Mineral Inclusions in Ruby and Sapphire from the Bo Welu Gem Deposit in Chanthaburi, Thailand
Identifies mineral inclusions in corundum from this locality for comparison with other global deposits.
A Decade of Ruby from Mozambique: A Review
Reviews the mining history, market impact, and properties of ruby from northern Mozambique near Montepuez, now the world’s most productive source.
Rex Guo: The Science and Art of Recutting Fine Gemstones
Update on "Low-Temperature" Heat Treatment of Mozambican Ruby: A Focus on Inclusions and FTIR Spectroscopy
Non-Bead-Cultured Pearls from Pinctada margaritifera
A new report from GIA's Bangkok laboratory examines a set of 120 NBC samples stated to be of "Tahitian" origin.
Preliminary Observations on Facet-Grade Ruby from Longido, Tanzania
Microscopic observation and trace element analysis is performed on rubies from Longido.
Chart: Inclusions in Natural, Synthetic, and Treated Ruby
Provides a visual guide to the internal features of natural, synthetic, and treated rubies.
Accurate Reporting of Key Trace Elements in Ruby and Sapphire Using Matrix-Matched Standards
Presents a group of corundum standards developed by GIA to improve the accuracy and efficiency of its laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) instruments.
30-Year Marine Corps Veteran Fulfills Dream of Becoming a Field Gemologist
The rigors and often-harrowing conditions of gemology field expeditions are no match for 30-year Marine veteran with a love of gems.
A Study of Rubies from Cambodia and Thailand
A report from the GIA Laboratory in Bangkok analyzing 41 Cambodian-Thai rubies.
